Ph.D., M.S., B.S.,
Meteorology, Penn State University (1967, 1966, 1964)
April 1997-Present:
President, Hanna Consultants, Kennebunkport, ME
April 2002-Present:
Adjunct Associate Prof., Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
July 1997- July
2003 Research Professor, George Mason University,
Fairfax, VA
April 1997-Dec.
2000: Research Associate, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston,
MA
1992-April 1997:
Principal Meteorologist, Earth Tech, Inc., Concord, MA
1985-1992:
Founder and Vice President, Sigma Research Corp., Westford, MA
1981-1985:
Principal Meteorologist, Environmental Research & Technology, Inc.
(ERT), Concord, MA
1967-1981:
Research Meteorologist and Acting Director (1979-1981) USDOC/NOAA,
Environmental Research Laboratories, Atmospheric Turbulence and Diffusion
Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
Awards
Dr. Hanna is the 1994 recipient of the American Meteorological Society's Award
for Outstanding Contribution to the Advance of Applied Meteorology, and is a
1996 Centennial Fellow of the College of Earth and Mineral Sciences of Penn
State University. On June 2, 2003, he testified at a Congressional hearing on
the subject of “Following Toxic Clouds: Science and Assumptions in Plume
Modeling”.
Professional Summary
Dr. Hanna is a specialist in atmospheric turbulence and dispersion, in the
analysis of meteorological and air quality data, and in the development,
evaluation, and application of air quality models. He is an AMS
Certified Consulting Meteorologist with over 35 years of experience. He
has led several research and development projects involving, for example, the
analysis of uncertainties of dispersion models, the statistical evaluations of
hazardous gas dispersion models and regional ozone models, the development of
models for the dispersion of emissions from tall power plant stacks, from
offshore oil platforms, and from accidental and intentional releases of
hazardous chemicals, and the analysis of data from large urban and regional
field experiments. From 1988-1997, Dr. Hanna was Chief Editor of the
Journal of Applied Meteorology, and has published over 120 articles in
refereed journals, six chapters in books, and five books in which he is the
primary author.
Related Professional Experience
Model
Evaluation, Model Uncertainty, and Concentration Fluctuations
Under support of the American
Petroleum Institute in the 1980s, a statistical method for evaluating air
quality models was developed and applied to many types of source scenarios,
models, and field data sets. This method is now accepted as the standard in
international research on dispersion model evaluation. In the 1990s, the U.S.
Air Force, the U.S. Army, and the American Petroleum Institute supported the
development of a framework for evaluating and for estimating the uncertainty
in environmental models. During the past few years, the Department of Defense
and the Department of Energy have sponsored further studies of model
evaluation methods, with emphasis on scenarios where chemical or biological
agents might be released.
Since
1993, the Electric Power Research Institute has supported the development of
uncertainty analysis methods for photochemical grid models. The Nuclear
Regulatory Commission has had Dr. Hanna review their uncertainty analysis
methods for linked emissions-dispersion-exposure-risk consequence models. The
American Petroleum Institute has Dr. Hanna leading a long-term study in which
the uncertainties of dispersion models for toxic gases are being investigated.
Regional Ozone
Data Analysis and Model Evaluation
Dr. Hanna was the chief scientist for analysis of field data from several
regional and urban-scale ozone experiments, including the South Central
Coastal Cooperative Aerometric Monitoring Program (SCCCAMP), the Lake Michigan
Ozone Study, and the Gulf of Mexico Air Quality Study (GMAQS). He was
the manager and chief scientist for the multi-agency Cross-Regional Model
Evaluation (CReME) project, in which the ROM 2.2, UAM-IV, UAM-V, and SAQM
regional ozone models were evaluated with field data from the LMOS, Northeast,
and SARMAP domains. Dr. Hanna is currently the chief scientist on two
MMS-sponsored studies involving boundary layers and air quality in the Gulf of
Mexico.
Dr. Hanna led a ten-year effort in which the effects of uncertainties in input
parameters on the uncertainties in predictions of regional ozone models were
assessed using Monte Carlo methods. The method was first applied to UAM-IV
on the New York domain, and was more recently applied to UAM-V on the OTAG
domain. Dr. Hanna recently completed a study of the uncertainties in the
BEIS3 model, which is used to estimate biogenic emissions for input to
photochemical grid models. The effects of uncertainties in BEIS3 model inputs
on the model outputs and subsequently on outputs of the URM, MAQSIP, and
MAQSIP photochemical grid models were estimated for three ozone episodes.
Modeling of Turbulence and Diffusion
Dr. Hanna has developed applied diffusion models for several industrial and
governmental clients, including a diffusion model for complex terrain (RTDM)
for the Westvaco Corporation, a model for overwater diffusion (OCD) for the
Minerals Management Service, a cooling tower plume model (ATCOOL) for the
Department of Energy (DOE), a model for diffusion from tall stacks (HPDM) for
EPRI, a hazardous gas model for chemical reactions and thermodynamics
associated with UF6 releases, and a baseline urban dispersion
model.
In the past three years, the simple urban baseline dispersion model was
developed for estimating impacts of possible terrorist attacks with chemical
and biological agents. It was evaluated with field data from Los Angeles and
Salt Lake City. He led the evaluation of DTRA’s HPAC-Urban model with
field data from Salt Lake City. He is currently the chief scientist of the
tracer experiment portion of the Urban Atmospheric Observatory in New York
City.
Hazardous Gas
Model Development and Analyses
The AIChE sponsored the writing of the Guidelines for use of Vapor Cloud
Dispersion Models in 1987, and the preparation of greatly-enhanced second
edition in 1996. The AIChE also sponsored preparation of the 2002
book entitled Wind Flow and Vapor Cloud Dispersion at Industrial and Urban
Sites.
A USAF/API study was completed in which 15 hazardous gas models were evaluated
with data from 8 field studies.
An industry-government consortium
supported the five-year PERF 93-16 Dispersion Modeling Project, including
field and laboratory experiments, in which dense gas models were improved so
that they account for high surface roughnesses, short-duration releases, and
stable ambient conditions. Dr. Hanna was responsible for the planning
and coordination of the technical components of the project and carried out
the analysis of the Kit Fox field data and the evaluation of the HGSYSTEM 3+
model.
Hazardous Gas Modeling for DTRA and
DOE-CBNP
From 1997-2002, Dr. Hanna was the director and chief scientist of the
Coordinated Hazardous Atmospheric Release Modeling (CHARM) project at George
Mason University. The research, supported by the Defense Threat
Reduction Agency (DTRA), was concerned with development and evaluation of
mesoscale meteorological models and atmospheric dispersion models for releases
of chemical and biological agents. Dr. Hanna is continuing this research while
at Harvard. Also, from 2000 through the present, DOE-CBNP is supporting
study of users’ needs of dispersion models and development of improved model
evaluation methods. Recent emphasis is on modeling of urban areas,
because of the terrorist threat in built-up downtown areas.
Since 1997, Dr. Hanna has organized and run the annual GMU July Workshop on
Atmospheric Transport and Dispersion Modeling, which has grown so that there
have been over 200 attendees the past two years.
Reviews of
Diffusion Research
Dr. Hanna has
been requested to prepare written reviews of various aspects of diffusion
research by the EPA, the DOE, the WMO, Electricite de France, The Netherlands,
and Israel.
Dr. Hanna is a member
of peer-review panels for NRC, DOE, EPA, CDC, CARB, and DOD programs. In
March, 1997, he chaired the Peer Review Panel for the Atmospheric Modeling
Division of the EPA National Exposure Research Laboratory. In June,
2000, he was a member of the Peer Review Panel for the EPA research program on
ozone and air toxics. In November, 1997, he chaired the Peer
Review Panel for the U.S. modeling program for the Khamisiyah, Iraq, chemical
releases. In 1998 he chaired the Peer Review Panel for the EPA’s new
AERMOD model. In 2000, he was member of the Peer Review Panel for the
Army Research Office’s Atmospheric Boundary Layer Program. In 2003, he
was a reviewer of the DOE VTMX research program.
Teaching Experiences at Universities
Dr. Hanna has been an adjunct professor and/or research professor at several
universities during his career (Vanderbilt University from 1969 through 1973,
University of Tennessee from 1974 through 1981, Harvard School of Public
Health from 1983 through the present, and George Mason University from 1997
through 2002). Approximately once each year throughout this period, he
has taught graduate-level courses in atmospheric turbulence and dispersion.
The Vanderbilt and UT lectures were used as the basis for the textbook by
Hanna, Briggs, and Hosker (1982), which has been widely adopted as a basic
text at other universities. In addition, three or four times a year from
1987-1997, Dr. Hanna taught a two-day short course entitled “Vapor Cloud
Dispersion” as part of AIChE conferences.
Business Experience
In 1985, Dr Hanna was a cofounder of Sigma Research Corporation, which carried
out basic and applied research on meteorology and air quality issues for a
variety of clients. The company grew successfully and was purchased by
Earth Tech in 1992. Since 1997, Dr. Hanna has continued his consulting
under Hanna Consultants, and spends half-time on that effort. The other
half of his time has been spent at either George Mason University (from
1997-2002) or Harvard School of Public Health (from 2003-present). Hanna
Consultants currently has 15 active projects, sponsored by government
agencies, chemical industries, environmental consulting companies, industrial
associations, and universities.
Expert Witness
Dr. Hanna has provided testimony in depositions in
seven litigation cases and has testified in one trial. In most of these
cases, he was required to apply and interpret atmospheric transport and
dispersion models. He has modeled releases of methyl mercaptan and
chlorine from rail cars, oleum from valve ruptures, ammonia from a tank
rupture, sulfuric acid from a stack, hydrogen sulfide from a missile spill,
and water vapor and particulates from a paper mill.
On June 2, 2003, Dr. Hanna was one of seven scientists invited to testify at a
hearing before the U.S. Congress’ Subcommittee on National Security, Emerging
Threats, and International Relations, on the subject of “Following Toxic
Clouds: Science and Assumptions in Plume Modeling”.
Professional Organizations
Sigma Xi, AAAS,
AWMA
AMS:
Chief Editor, J. Appl. Meteorol., 1988-1997
Chairman, Atmos. Turb. and Diff. Committee, 1977‑1978
Member, AMS/EPA Cooperative Work Group, 1979‑1981
Member, AMS Board on Urban Meteorology, 2002-
Co-Chairman of 2004 Urban Environment Conference, Vancouver
Chairman, 1974 Atmos. Turb. and Diff. Conference, Santa Barbara
Recipient of 1994 AMS Award for Outstanding Contribution to the Advance of
Applied Meteorology
AMS Certified Consulting Meteorologist (Number 361)
INVITED AUTHOR OF BOOKS
1. Hanna, S.R., 1982:
Review of Atmospheric Diffusion Models for Regulatory Applications.
World Meteorological Organization Technical Note No. 177, WMO No. 581, Geneva,
Switzerland.
2. Hanna, S.R., G.A. Briggs and
R.P. Hosker, 1982: Handbook on Atmospheric Diffusion.
DOE/TIC‑11223, Department of Energy, 102 pp.
3. Hanna, S.R. and P.J. Drivas,
1987: Guidelines for the Use of Vapor Cloud Dispersion Models.
Published by CCPS/AIChE, 345 East 47th St., New York, NY 10017, 178
pp.
4.
Hanna, S.R., and D.G. Strimaitis, 1988:
Workbook of Test Cases for Vapor Cloud Source Emission and Dispersion
Models. Published by CCPS/AIChE, 345 East 47th St., New
York, NY 10017, 103 pp.
5. Hanna,
S.R., P.J. Drivas, and J.C. Chang, 1996: Guidelines for Use of Vapor
Cloud Dispersion Models (Second Edition). Published by
AIChE/CCPS, 345 East 47th St., New York, NY 10017, 285 pages + diskette.
6. Hanna,
S.R. and R.E. Britter, 2002: Wind Flow and Vapor Cloud Dispersion at
Industrial and Urban Sites. ISBN No: 0-8169-0863-X, CCPS/AIChE. 3
Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5901, 140 pages + CD-ROM.
PUBLICATIONS IN PEER REVIEWED JOURNALS
1. Hanna SR.
A method of estimating vertical eddy transport in the planetary boundary layer
using characteristics of the vertical velocity spectrum. J Atmos Sci
1968; 25:1026‑1032.
2. Hanna SR.
The thickness of the planetary boundary layer. Atmos Environ 1969; 3:519‑536.
3. Hanna SR.
Roll‑vortices in the boundary layer. J Appl Met 1970; 9:630‑640.
4. Hanna SR,
Swisher SD. Meteorological effects of the heat and moisture produced by man.
Nuclear Safety 1971; 12:114‑122.
5.
Hanna SR, Hoecker WH. The response of constant‑density balloons to sinusoidal
variations of vertical wind speeds. J Appl Met 1971; 10:601‑604.
6. Hanna SR,
Gifford FA. Summary of meeting on mesoscale atmospheric modeling. Bull Am Met
Soc 1971; 52:993.
7. Hanna SR.
Simple methods of calculating dispersion from urban areas sources. J Air
Poll Control Assn 1971; 21:774‑777.
8. Hanna SR.
Depth of boundary layer. Discussion. Atmos Environ 1971;
5:67‑69.
9. Hanna SR,
Swisher SD. A method for calculating the size of cooling tower plumes. Atmos
Environ 1972; 6:587‑588.
10. Hanna
SR. Rise and condensation of large cooling tower plumes. JAM 1972:
11:793‑799.
11. Hanna
SR. Comments on a comparison of wet and dry bent‑over plumes and rebuttal. J
Appl Met 1972; 11:1386‑1387.
12. Gifford
FA, Hanna SR. Modeling urban air pollution. Atmos Environ 1973;
7:131‑136.
13. Hanna
SR. Description of ATDL computer model for dispersion from multiple sources.
In: Noll KE, Duncan JR,eds. Industrial Air Pollution Control:
Chapter 4, 1973:23‑32.
14. Hanna SR.
Book review: Fundamentals of Air Pollution, Williamson S. Bull Am
Met Soc 1973; 54:957‑958.
15. Hanna
SR. A simple model for the analysis of chemically reactive pollutants.
Atmos Environ 1973; 7:803‑817.
16. Barton
CJ, Moore RE, Hanna SR. Radiation doses from hypothetical exposures to Rulison
gas. Nuclear Technology 1973; 20:30‑50.
17. Hosker
RP, Nappo CJ, Hanna SR. Diurnal variation of vertical thermal structure in a
pine plantation. Agric Met 1974; 13:259‑265.
18. Hanna
SR. Meteorological effects of the mechanical draft cooling towers of the Oak
Ridge gaseous diffusion plant. Cooling Tower Environment 1974; ERDA
Symposium Series, CONF 740302: 291‑306.
19. Hanna
SR. Fog and drift deposition from evaporative cooling towers. Nuc Saf 1974;
15:190‑196.
20. Hanna
SR. Conference summary. Cooling tower environment‑‑1974. Bull Am
Met Soc 1974; 55:598.
21. Hanna
SR, Gifford FA. Meteorological effects of energy dissipation. Bull Am
Met Soc 1975; 56:1069‑1076.
22. Hanna
SR, Gifford FA. Part III. Dispersion of sulfur dioxide emissions from
area sources. In: Noll K, Davis W, eds. Power Generation,
Air Pollution Monitoring and Control. Ann Arbor Science, 1975:71‑81.
23. Hanna
SR, Gifford FA. Discussion of paper by Goumans and Clarenburg, a simple model
to calculate the SO2 concentrations in urban regions. Atmos
Environ 1975; 10:564.
24. Hanna
SR. Book review: Atmospheric Diffusion, 2nd Edition, Pasquill F.
Bull Am Met Soc 1975; 56:693‑694.
25. Hanna
SR. A comparison of observed and predicted cooling tower plume rise and
visible plume length. Atmos Environ 1975; 10:1043‑1052.
26. Hanna
SR. Relating emissions to air quality in Tennessee. Noll KE, Davis WT,
eds. Power Generation. Ann Arbor Science, 1976:107‑118.
27. Hanna
SR. Relative dispersion of tetroon pairs during convective conditions. J
Appl Meteorol 1976; 15:588-593.
28. Hanna
SR. Predicted and observed cooling tower plume rise and visible plume length
at the John E. Amos power plant. Atmos Environ 1976; 10:1043‑1052.
29. Hanna
SR. Comments on observations of an industrial cumulus. J Appl Met 1976;
15:1232‑1233.
30. Hanna
SR. Symposium review: Third symposium on atmospheric turbulence,
diffusion, and air quality. Bull Am Met Soc 1977; 58:242‑245.
31. Hanna
SR. Predicted climatology of cooling tower plume types from energy centers.
J Appl Met 1977; 16:880‑887.
32. Hanna
SR. Modeling smog along the Los Angeles-Palm Spring trajectory. Soffet I,ed.
Fate of Pollutants in the Air and Water Environments. New York:
Wiley J & Sons, 1977:209-295.
33. Hanna
SR, Briggs GA, Deardorff J, Egan BA, Gifford FA, Pasquill F. AMS workshop on
stability classification schemes and sigma curves. Bull Am Met Soc 1977;
58:1305‑1309.
34. Hanna
SR. Diurnal variation of the stability factor in the simple ATDL urban
dispersion model. J Air Poll Control Assn 1978;
28:147‑150.
35. Hanna
SR. Accuracy of dispersion models: A position paper of the AMS 1977
committee on atmospheric turbulence and diffusion. Bull Am Met Soc 1978;
59:1025‑1026.
36. Chen N,
Hanna SR. Drift‑modeling and monitoring comparisons. Atmos Environ 1978;
12:1725‑1734.
37. Hanna
SR, Pike M, Seitter K. Observations of vortices in cooling tower plumes.
J Appl Met 1978; 17:7, 1068‑1071.
38. Hanna
SR. Urban modeling of inert substances. Morris A, Barras R, eds.
Air Quality Meteorology and Atmospheric Ozone; ASTM STP 653. Am Soc for
Testing and Mat 1978:262-275.
39. Hanna
SR. Some statistics of Lagrangian and Eulerian wind fluctuations. J Appl
Met 1979; 18:518‑525.
40. Hanna
SR. Measured turbulence in complex terrain near the TVA Widows Creek, Alabama
Steam Plant. Atmos Environ 1980; 14:401‑408.
41. Hanna
SR. Lagrangian and Eulerian time scale relations in the daytime boundary
layer. J Appl Met 1981; 21:242‑249.
42. Hanna
SR. Diurnal variation of horizontal wind direction fluctuations in complex
terrain at Geysers, CA. Bound Lay Meteorol 1981; 18:207‑213.
43. Hanna
SR. Applications in air pollution modeling. Atmospheric Turbulence and
Air Pollution Modeling. Boston: D. Reidel 1981:275‑310.
44. Hanna
SR, Briggs GA, Hosker RP. Handbook on Atmospheric Diffusion. DOE/TIC‑11223,
Department of Energy 1982:102pp.
45. Hanna
SR. Turbulent diffusion: Chimneys and cooling towers. Ch 10 In:
Plate E,ed. Engineering Meteorology. Elsevier NY: 1982:429‑480.
46. Hanna
SR. Review of atmospheric diffusion models for regulatory applications.
World Meteorological Organization Technical Note No 177, WMO No 581. Geneva,
Switzerland: 1982.
47. Hanna
SR. Natural variability of observed hourly SO2 and CO
concentrations in St. Louis. Atmos Environ 1982; 16:1435‑1441.
48. Hanna
SR. Review of Dense Gas Dispersion by Britter and Griffiths. Bull Am Met
Soc 1983; 64:645.
49. Hanna
SR. Lateral turbulence intensity and plume meandering during stable
conditions. J Clim and Appl Meteorol 1983; 22:1424‑1430.
50. Hanna
SR, PaineRJ, Schulman LL. Overwater dispersion in coastal regions. Bound
Lay Meteorol 1984; 30:389‑411.
51. Hanna
SR, Egan BA, Vaudo CJ, Curreri AJ. A complex terrain dispersion model for
regulatory applications at the Westvaco Luke Mill. Atmos Environ 1984;
18:685‑699.
52. Hanna
SR. The exponential PDF and concentration fluctuations in smoke plumes.
Boundary Layer Meteorology 1984; 29:361‑376.
53. Hanna
SR. Concentration fluctuations in a smoke plume. Atmos Environ 1984;
18:1091‑1106.
54. Hanna
SR. Atmospheric effects of energy generation. In: Randerson D, ed.
Chapter 15 in Atmospheric Science and Power Production. DOE/TIC‑27601,
1984:652‑684.
55. Hanna SR. Air Pollution.
Encyclopedia of Science and Technology: McGraw‑Hill, 1984.
56. Hanna
SR, Schulman LL, Paine RJ,Pleim JE, Baer M. Development and evaluation of the
Offshore and Coastal Diffusion Model. J Air Poll Control Assoc 1985;
35:1039‑1047.
57. Hanna
SR. Ground‑level concentration fluctuations from a buoyant and a non‑buoyant
source within a laboratory convectively‑mixed layer. Atmos Environ 1985;
19:1210‑1212.
58. Hanna
SR. Air quality modeling over short distances. In: Houghton D,
Wiley, J and Sons, eds. Handbook of Applied Meteorology. New
York,1985:712‑743.
59. Schulman
LL, Hanna SR. Evaluation of downwash modifications to the Industrial
Source Complex (ISC) model. J Air Poll Control Assoc 1986;
36:258‑264.
60. Hanna
SR. Spectra of concentration fluctuations: The two time scales of a
meandering plume. Atmos Environ 1986; 20:1131‑1137.
61. Hanna
SR. Lateral dispersion from tall stacks. J Clim and Appl Met 1986;
25:1426‑1433.
62. Hanna
SR, Paine RJ .Convective scaling applied to diffusion of buoyant plumes from
tall stacks. Atmos Environ 1987; 21:2153‑2160.
63. Hanna
SR, Drivas PJ. Guidelines for the Use of Vapor Cloud Dispersion Models.
Published by CCPS/AIChE: 1987:178 pp.
64. Hanna
SR. Reply to comments on lateral dispersion from tall stacks. J Clim and
Appl Met 1987; 26:1781.
65. Hanna
SR. The effect of line averaging on concentration fluctuations. Boundary
Layer Meteorology 1987; 40:329‑338.
66. Hanna
SR. An empirical formula for the height of the coastal internal boundary
layer. Boundary Layer Meteorology 1987; 40:205‑207.
67. Hanna
SR, Strimaitis DG. Workbook of Test Cases for Vapor Cloud Source Emission and
Dispersion Models: CCPS/AIChE, 1988; 103 pp.
68. Hanna
SR. Air quality model evaluation and uncertainty. J Air Poll Control
Assoc 1988; 38:406‑412.
69. Hanna
SR, Paine RJ. Hybrid Plume Dispersion Model (HPDM) development and evaluation.
J Appl. Met 1989; 28:206‑224.
70. Hanna
SR, Insley EM. Time series analyses of concentration and wind fluctuations.
Boundary Layer Meteorology 1989; 47:131‑147.
71. Hanna
SR. Confidence limits for air quality models, as estimated by bootstrap and
jackknife resampling methods. Atmos Environ 1989; 23:1385-1395.
72. Hanna
SR. Plume dispersion and concentration fluctuations in the atmosphere.
In: Cheremisinoff, ed. Encyclopedia of Environmental Control Technology,
Chapter 14, Volume 2. Air Pollution Control, Gulf
Publishing Co, Houston: 1989:547‑582.
73. Hanna
SR, Strimaitis DG. Rugged terrain effects on diffusion. Blumen, ed. In:
Atmospheric Processes over Complex Terrain, Meteorological Monographs
Series, AMS, 45 Beacon St, Boston: 1990:Chapter 6.
74. Hanna
SR. Lateral dispersion in light‑wind stable conditions. Il Nuovo Cimento
1990; 13:889-894.
75. Hanna
SR, Chang JC, Strimaitis DG. Uncertainties in source emission rate estimates
using dispersion models. Atmos Environ 1990; 24A:2971-2980.
76.
Hanna SR, Strimaitis DG, ChangJC. Evaluation of 14 hazardous gas models with
ammonia and hydrogen fluoride field data. J Hazardous Materials 1991;
26:127-158.
77.
Hanna SR. Characteristics of ozone episodes during SCCCAMP‑1985. J Appl
Met 1991; 30:511-533.
78. Hanna
SR, Strimaitis DG, Scire JS, Moore GE, Kessler RC. Overview of results of
analysis of data from the South Central Coast Cooperative Aerometric
Monitoring Program (SCCCAMP). J Appl Met 1991; 30: 511-533.
79. Schulman
LL, Hanna SR. A decision system for selecting a site-specific air quality
dispersion model. Ecological Modelling 1992; 64:205-219.
80. Hanna
SR, Chatwin P, Chikhliwala E, Londergan R, Spicer T, Weil J. Results from the
Model Evaluation Panel. Plant Operations Progress 1992; 11(1):2-5.
81. Hanna
SR, Chang JC. Boundary layer parameterizations for applied dispersion modeling
over urban areas. Bound Lay Meteorol 1992; 58:229-259.
82. Hanna
SR, Chang JC. Representativeness of wind measurements on a mesoscale grid with
station separations of 312 m to 10000 m. Bound Lay Meteorol 1992;
60:309-324.
83. Hanna
SR, Chang JC, Strimaitis DG. Hazardous gas model evaluation with field
observations. Atmos Environ 1993; 27A:2265-2285.
84. Hanna
SR, Drivas PJ. Modeling VOC emissions and air concentrations from the Exxon
Valdez oil spill. J Air and Waste Management Assoc 1993;
43:298-309.
85. Hanna
SR, Chang JC. Hybrid Plume Dispersion Model (HPDM) improvements and testing at
three field sites. Atmos Environ 1993; 27A:1491-1508.
86. Hanna
SR. Uncertainties in air quality model predictions. Bound Lay Meteorol
1993; 62:3-20.
87. Wolfe
DA, Hameedi MJ, Galt JA, Watabayashi G, Short J, O'Clair C, Rice S, Michel J,
Payne JR, Braddock J, Hanna SR, Sale D. Fate of oil spilled from the T/V Exxon
Valdez in Prince William Sound, Alaska. Environ Sci and Tech 1994;
28:560A-569A.
88. Hansen
DA, Dennis RL, Ebel A, Hanna SR, Kaye J, Thuillier R. The quest for an
advanced regional air quality model. Environ Sci and Tech 1994;
28:70A-77A.
89. Hanna
SR. Mesoscale meteorological model evaluation techniques, with emphasis on
needs of air quality models. In: Pearce R, Pielke R, eds.
Chapter in Aspects of Mesoscale Modeling. Meteorological Monographs Series No.
47, AMS, 45 Beacon Street, Boston. 1994.
90. Hanna
SR. Hazardous gas model evaluations. Is an equitable comparison
possible? J Loss Prev in the Process Ind 1994; 7:133-138.
91. Hanna
SR, Chang JC, Strimaitis DG. Reply to discussion by J. Davies and D. Heinold
et al. on hazardous gas model evaluation with field observations. Atmos
Environ 1995; 29:455-460.
92. Hanna
SR, Chang JC. Relations between meteorology and ozone in the Lake Michigan
region. J Appl Met 1995; 34:670-678.
93. Hanna
SR, Chang JC. Comparisons of the Hybrid Plume Dispersion Model (HPDM) with
observations at the Kincaid Power Plant. Int J Environ and Pollution
1995; 5:4-6, 323-330.
94. Hanna
SR, Fernau ME, Moore GE. Evaluation of photochemical grid models (UAM-IV, UAM-V,
and the ROM/UAM-IV Couple) using data from the Lake Michigan Ozone Study (LMOS).
Atmos Environ 1996; 30:3265-3279.
96. Hanna
SR, Chang JC, Zhang JX. Modeling accidental releases to the atmosphere
of a dense reactive chemical (uranium hexafluoride). Atmos Environ
1997; 31:901-908,
97. Hanna
SR, Chang JC, Fernau ME. Monte Carlo estimates of uncertainties in predictions
by a photochemical grid model (UAM-IV) due to uncertainties in input
variables. Atmos Environ 1998; 32:3619-3628.
98. Hanna
SR, Briggs GA, Chang JC. Lift-off of buoyant plumes released at ground-level.
Journal of Hazardous Materials 1998; 59:123-130.
99.
Hanna SR, Davis JM. Use of Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis to evaluate
differences in observed and predicted ozone concentrations. Int J
Environ and Poll. 1999.
100. Hanna
SR, Egan BA, Purdum J, Wagler J. Evaluation of the ADMS, AERMOD, and
ISC3 Dispersion Models with the OPTEX, Duke Forest, Kincaid, Indianapolis, and
Lovett Field Data Sets. Int J Environ and Poll 1999.
101. Hanna SR, Yang R, Yin X. Evaluations
of Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models from the point of view of inputs
required by atmospheric dispersion models. Int J Environ. and
Poll 2000; 14:98-105.
103. Hanna SR, Lu Z, Frey HC, Wheeler N,
Vukovich J, Arumachalam S, Fernau M. Uncertainties in predicted
ozone concentration due to input uncertainties for the UAM-V photochemical
grid model applied to the July 1995 OTAG domain. Atmos Environ
2001; 35:891-903.
104. Briggs GA, Britter RE, Hanna SR,
Havens JA, Robins AG, Snyder WH. Dense gas vertical diffusion over rough
surfaces: results of wind-tunnel studies. Atmos Environ 2001;
35:2265-2284.
105. Hanna SR, Chang JC. Kit Fox dense
gas dispersion field experiments and HEGADAS model testing. Atmos
Environ 2001; 35:2231-2242.
106. Hanna SR, Steinberg KW. Overview of
Petroleum Environmental Research Forum (PERF) dense gas dispersion modeling
project. Atmos Environ 2001; 35:2223-2230.
108. Hanna SR, Davis JM. Evaluation of
photochemical grid models using estimates of concentration probability
distributions. Atmos Environ 2002; 36:1793-1798.
109.
Hanna SR, Tehranian S, Carissimo B, Macdonald RW,
Lohner R. Comparisons of model simulations with observations of mean flow and
turbulence within simple obstacle arrays. Atmos Environ 2002; 36:
5067-5079.
110. Hanna
SR and Britter RE. Wind Flow and Vapor Cloud Dispersion at Industrial
and Urban Sites. ISBN No: 0-8169-0863-X, CCPS/AIChE. 3 Park Ave.,
New York, NY 10016-5901, 140 pages + CD-ROM 2002.
111. Chang
JC, Franzese P, Chayantrakom K, Hanna SR. Evaluations of CALPUFF, HPAC,
and VLSTRACK with two mesoscale field data sets. J Appl Meteorol 2003;
42: 453-466.
.
112. Britter
RE, Hanna SR, Briggs GA, Robins AG. Short-range vertical dispersion from a
ground-level source in a turbulent boundary layer. Atmos Environ 2003;
37: 3885-3894.
113. Song
CH, Chen G, Hanna SR, Crawefor J., Davis DD. Dispersion and chemical
evolution of ship plumes in the marine boundary layer. J. Geophys. Res.
2003; 108 (D4): 4143-4153.
114. Britter RE
and Hanna SR. Flow and dispersion in urban areas. Ann Rev of Fluid
Mech 35, 469-496. 2003.
115.
Dabberdt W, Carroll M, Baumgardner D, Carmichael G, Cohen R, Dye T, Ellis J,
Grell G, Grimmond S, Hanna S, Irwin J, Lamb B, Madronich S, McQueen J, Meagher
J, Odman T, Pleim J, Schmid HP, Westphal D. Meteorological research
needs for improved air quality forecasting. Bull Amer Meteorol Soc 2004;
85 (4): 563-586.
116. Hanna SR,
Britter RE and Franzese P. A baseline urban dispersion model evaluated
with Salt Lake City and Los Angeles Tracer data. Atmos Environ 37,
5069-5082. 2003
117. Chang JC and
Hanna SR. Air quality model performance. To appear in Meteorol and
Atmos Physics 2003
118. Lehmann E,
Franzese P and Hanna S. Transport and dispersion models for emergency
response: User needs and requirements. Submitted to Bull Amer Meteorol
Soc 2004
